Group of two or more computers / devices connected together
Requirements of network:
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Computers with operating system
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NIC(Network Interface card) for every computer
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Cables and RJ-45 connectors
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Centralized device ( Hub/ Switch)
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IP address for
every computer(Internet Protocol Address)
LAN
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Local area network
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Network devices connected in a limited
geographical area
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Within room, with in building , with in campus
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No service provide existence
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Computers are connected to switches
WAN
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Wide area network
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Network devices are in distant areas
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In different cities, countries
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Service provider existence
Ø
Networks are connected with the help of routers
MAN
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Metropolitan area network
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It can be applied across a city
Topology Types:
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Bus topology
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Ring topology
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Mesh topology
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Star topology
Ø
extended
topology
Network Devices
NIC: (Network
Interface Card)
Gives the network services to the computer. Every computer
must have NIC to communicate with other computers
Hub :
Used to group the devices (regenerates the signal). Called
as multi port repeater
Switch :
Used to group the devices (forwards data).faster than Hub
Router :
Used to communicate between different networks
Nic –Addresses
Two addresses are associated with Nic
Physical Address :
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MAC-media access control
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L2 Address
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Permanent-BIA
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48 Bit
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Hexadecimal notation
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Example : 01-5c –D9-6B-03-2E
Logical Address :
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IP –INTERNET PROTOCOL
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L3 Address
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Logical(can be changed)
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32 Bit
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Dotted decimal notation
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Example :192.168.6.1
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